


In addition to being stable over time, VEGF is also continuously expressed throughout the development of many tumour types. In fact, VEGF is the only angiogenic factor known to be present throughout the entire tumour life cycle. As the tumour develops further, it may begin to activate secondary angiogenic pathways, such as those stimulated by bFGF, TGFβ, PlGF and PD-ECGF. As these secondary pathways emerge, VEGF continues to be expressed by the tumour and remains one of the critical mediators of angiogenesis.4,6,10,11